2/2010
Utilization of biogas and biomethane
Biogas as a renewable energy source receives a still growing attention in the Czech Republic and also in the EU. Its production and energetic use are financial supported by several subsidy programs and grants. Biogas plants can effectively process different waste materials like waste biomass, sewage sludge, agricultural waste or grocery waste. The aim of this paper is to introduce possibilities of using biogas, especially its upgrading to the quality of natural gas, and to compare energetic efficiency of individual ways of its utilization.
Possibilities for analysis of hydrocracked base oils
Paper summarizes analytical methods that are available for analysis of hydrocracked oils. There is no individual analytical technique that can comprehensively evaluate composition of the oils and give a relation with oil properties. Possibilities and limitations of analytical separation techniques are shown as well as capability and analytical performance of spectroscopic methods. Attention is also paid to determination of polyaromatic hydrocarbons in hydrocracked oils. Performance and efficiency of analytical techniques are demonstrated by the means of analysis of some commercially available hydrocracked base oils.
Short-term monitoring of the ambient air in Most
XVI. meeting of mobile monitoring systems was organized by National reference laboratory for ambient and indoor air of National Institute of Public Health Prague by and Department of Gas Technology, Coking Chemistry and Air Protection of Institute of Chemical Technology Prague proceeded in October 2009 in Most. Identification and evaluation of various pollution sources were the main goals of that project consisting of diurnal monitoring of the ambient air of 7 measurement sites in that area. Resulting pollutant concentrations were comparable with common patterns of the other areas (not only) in North-West region of Czech Republic during fall season a well represent the period connecting heating season and non-heating season. Effect of large combustion sources firing brown coal was minimal during the measurement trial. The sulphur dioxide concentrations varied due to operation of DTU predominately. The most important factor influencing the ambient air of Most area were both the local and transit traffic.
High-temperature gas chromatography in analysis of petroleum products
The aim of this work is an evaluation of possibilities of high temperature gas chromatography (HTGC) for petroleum, petroleum fractions and products analysis. In addition to a basic apparatus setting and chromatography column description, there are summarized authors HTGC work practice experiences with some application such as simulated distillation, determination of high molecular paraffin or fingerprint method for lubricant oil analysis.
Evaluation of solvation agents for crude oil deposit removal
Crude oil deposits formation represents a serious problem for crude oil production, transport and storage. Considering this fact a great attention has been paid to removing of crude oil deposits. This work deals with the removing of crude oil deposits using chemical substances and petroleum fraction with and without addition of paraffin removal agent. Efficiency of this procedure is also evaluated using suitable methods.
High Temperature Helium Loop – a new experimental device in NRI Řež plc.
High Temperature Helium Loop (HTHL) which is presently under construction and will simulate the physical and chemical parameters of helium coolant in High Temperature nuclear Reactors (HTR). Pure helium will be used as working medium in he HTHL. Its main physical parameters are the pressure of 7MPa, max. temperature in the test section 900°C and the flow rate 37.8 kg.h-1. HTHL will include helium purification system, system of impurities dosage and helium sampling. HTHL is proposed for tests of VHTR structural materials and helium purification testing. In the future the active channel of HTHL will be placed to the experimental nuclear reactor LVR-15, so the experiments could be take place under irradiation.