4/2011

The Influence of CO₂ in Fuel on Gas Engine Parameters

  The removing/clearing of CO₂ from gaseous fuels as adulterant is contemporary trend. To the contrary with this trend the presented paper describes benefits of CO₂ content in fuel in terms of basic engine parameters like indicated mean effective pressure, indicated efficiency and NO_x production. The paper analyses trade off between air excess, ignition timing and CO₂ mass fraction in the fuel in detail. The results show that the increase of CO₂ mass fraction in the fuel increases engine power (with a constant level of NO_x emissions) and optimized CO₂ mass fraction in the fuel can increase the indicated efficiency. For constant level of NO_x emissions and indicated mean effective pressure the increase of CO₂ mass fraction in the fuel increases indicated efficiency and decreases maximum incylinder pressure and exhaust gas temperature.

The coal and biomass co-pyrolysis

Brown coal and rape cakes mixtures (containing 20 % wt., 30 % wt. and 40 % wt. of rape cakes) were used to pyrolysis in laboratory apparatus at the tempera-ture 650 °C. After that the micropyrolysis of similar coal and biomass mixtures (from 0 % wt. to 100 % wt. of biomass) were carried out at temperatures 400 °C, 500 °C, 600 °C and 700 °C.

Preparation and characterization of adsorbents for CO₂ capture from model gas mixture

Adsorption method for CO₂ capture was tested as an alternative to widely used absorption methods. Absorption face up some significant issues: volatility, corrosiveness and degradability of applied solvents that lead to increase in operating costs. These issues can be mitigated by immobilization of amines or another active compound of solvents onto solid surface. This study is focused on preparation and basic characterization of such materials.

Preparation and testing of nanostructure silicon dioxide based adsorbents

The article deals with the testing of adsorbents used to the gas drying. Four samples of nanostructure silicon dioxide based adsorbents and 2 industrial-grade silica gel adsorbents were tested at laboratory apparatus. Adsorption isotherms for water vapour at 20 °C were estimated. Thermal desorption of all water satu-rated samples was also tested using thermo balance.

Development and testing of the pilot coke-making unit

In this article, construction and function of the new semi scale pilot cokemaking unit is described. This unit was built for the testing of coking process and the pyrolysis of the various materials. Functionality of this unit was tested by the coking process of the hard coal mixtures. Mass ballance of coke, pyrolysis water, organic phase and gaseous products was made. Composition of the pyrolysis gas during the coking process was determined. Some parameters of produced coke were tested and compared to common coke made in the coking plant.

Comparative investigation into pyrolysis behavior of German brown coals and biomass material

The main objective of this work was the investigation of pyrolysis behavior of two biomass and three coal samples in dependence on temperature. Due to the thermochemical decomposition of feedstock different products were formed. Those newly formed products were analyzed and obtained data were used for complet-ing the material balance. Subsequently the main pyrolysis products of the brown coals and biomass samples were compared from different points of view.