2/2014
Influence of LCO on hydrodesulfurization rate and catalyst deactivation
Nowadays trend is a constant increase of consump-tion of diesel fuel. Simultaneously increases demand on production quality. Raw materials with higher aromatic and sulphur components content are added into the inlet streams, at the requirement of maintaining quality of the final product. Therefore, the effect of injecting of light cycle oil (LCO) was studied. LCO contains relatively large amounts of aromatic compounds. Polycyclic aro-matic compounds may negatively affect diesel quality and sulphur content due to inhibiting effect Influence of different amount of LCO in inlet stream on product composition and degree of hydrodesulfurization was observed. On the basis of experimental data deactivation and hydrodesulfurization rate constants were mathemat-ically determined.
Separation of biogas by membrane separation processes, overview
The work aims to acquaint the reader and the general public with new trends in the biogas purification by membrane separation processes. Article readers will get information about the mechanism of membrane separation processes in porous and nonporous membranes. Separation properties of a thermally modified polymers, supported ionic liquid membranes and water condensing membrane for biogas purification are discussed.
Gas explosion limits from thermal desorption of con-taminated soil
This article focuses on low-temperature pyrolysis of dried contaminated soil. Contaminated soil samples come from the lagoon, where the deposited waste is created predominantly from the refining of motor oils. Performed laboratory experiments and analysis indicate that this material can decompose very well at temperatures achievable with the current technological practice (350 °C). A very significant finding is a great development of toxic, flammable and explosive gases. These gases contain mainly carbon monoxide, methane, hydrogen, saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons C2-C4, hydrogen sulfide and organic sulfur components, etc. This article summarizes the laboratory procedures that were used to start the design of a pilot unit for the decontamination of soil and rock from dams and subsoil of the lagoon.
Pyrolysis of Czech brown coal with catalyst based on W-Ni on laboratory unit
Fuels and biofuels – searching for solutions
Oil refineries will have the duty to fulfil new requirements to add higher quantity of biofuels to decrease greenhouse gases emissions. The enhancement of biofuels will bring some serious logistic problems. Oil refineries will have to find new solutions. Advanced biofuels is the most promising of them but they will need new investments.
Cleaning of hydrogen for energy applications
The text discusses the content of impurities in the produced gas rich in hydrogen and cleaning options. The methods are based on the adsorbent, permeation, washing and other modern processes. Choice a specific technology is dependent on the conditions of entering the cleaned gas. The correct operation of fuel cell is influenced by the content of impurities in the fuel, which must be removed. First of CO and H2S gases for the fuel cell are irreversible impact on the performance and durability of the material.