3/2025
Martin Staš, Hugo Kittel, Pavel Šimáček
This article focuses on the analysis of hydrocarbon compounds in both conventional fossil fuels and alternative gaseous and liquid fuels. The main objective is to provide a comprehensive overview of the types of fuels that are monitored for total hydrocarbon content or for the presence of individual hydrocarbon compounds, the reasons for such monitoring, and the analytical methods used for this purpose.
The text places particular emphasis on methods and parameters defined by technical standards, although in some cases it also addresses supplementary tests that are not directly required by normative regulations. The technical requirements and test methods for conventional fossil fuels and certain alternative fuels are defined in relevant technical standards, which establish a range of parameters essential for assessing fuel quality.
Many of these monitored parameters have been discussed in detail in previous parts of this series of publications, which are dedicated to presenting common methods for evaluating both conventional and alternative fuels. The first four articles in this series focused on the determination of elements and non-hydrocarbon compounds in fuels [1], the evaluation of physical [2] and chemical [3] properties of fuels, and methods to assess the purity of fuels and combustion characteristics [4].
This current article presents the monitored parameters related to hydrocarbon content in both gaseous and liquid conventional and alternative fuels, as well as the analytical tests used for this purpose. It also addresses the reasons why monitoring hydrocarbon compounds in the respective fuels is important; specifically, the role that individual hydrocarbons play in terms of fuel quality, safety, or environmental impact.
Among the test methods, the article focuses on those defined by technical standards, which form the standardized framework for evaluating various types of fuels. In some cases, additional or alternative procedures are also mentioned, which, although not standardized, can help expand knowledge about the composition and properties of fuels.
Keywords: liquid fuels, gaseous fuels, conventional fuels, alternative fuels, hydrocarbon analysis, saturated hydrocarbons, olefins, aromatic hydrocarbons
Daniel Maxa, Matěj Mašín
This review presents a comprehensive assessment of hydrogen blending into natural gas (NG) networks as a transitional strategy to support the decarbonization of energy systems. The review addresses key technical, environmental, and operational aspects of hydrogen-enriched natural gas (HENG). It covers the motivation for hydrogen blending, the role of hydrogen in managing renewable energy intermittency, its impact on gas grid dynamics, flammability and explosion behavior, leakage and safety concerns, and end-use appliance compatibility. The findings confirm that hydrogen blending up to 20 % is technically feasible and can reduce greenhouse gas emissions while using existing infrastructure. However, success depends on updated standards, advanced monitoring technologies, and coordinated regulatory frameworks. The review concludes with a synthesis of knowledge gaps and recommendations for future research and deployment.
Keywords: hydrogen; natural gas; fire safety; feasibility
