1/2010
Change in quality of engine oils during oil fillings
Changes in oxidation stability of engine oils after their filling into crankcase are discussed. Residues of old used oil and/or presence of insoluble sludge can largely affect oxidation stability of new engine oils filled into crankcase. Pressure DSC technique was used to monitor oxidation stability of engine oils and to assess a successful oil change.
Contamination of diesel fuel with gasoline
Diesel fuel can be contaminated with gasoline during distribution of motor fuels. High level of contamination leads to unacceptable flash point. This work is aimed at correlation between flash point of diesel fuel and level of its gasoline contamination. Determination of flash point was performed using several diesel fuels and middle distillates contaminated with gasoline. The samples were analyzed also by gas chromatography.
The impact of emission limits on motor oil quality
The paper refers about actual emission limits for exhaust gases of passenger cars as well as heavy duty vehicles. There are shown several ways how to fulfil the requirements of the Euro limits by using exhaust catalysts and traps. The main aim of the paper id focused on composition and quality of engine oils that should meet some necessary properties to maintain sufficient lifetime of exhaust catalysts and filters. The most important parameters of recent engine oils are contents of phosphorus and sulphur and amount of sulphate ash.
Liquid bitumen products of cypriss clay
Cypris clay holds significant part of overburden lignite fracture Družba Sokolovská uhelná, Inc. (CZ). Its integral part is lignite pitch. Therefore during its pyrolysis tar originates. Its par that is boiling to the temperature of 300 °C is characterized in the following article.
Sulfane removal from biogas
Adsorption using activated carbon is one of the effective processes for the removal of sulfur substances from biogas. The work is focused on the testing of selected samples of activated carbon for hydrogen sulfide removal from biogas produced at the Central wastewater treatment plant Praha-Bubeneč. The efficiency of H2S removal using selected adsorbents in the relation on the volume of purified biogas were measured and the sulfur content in the adsorbents after their saturation were estimated.
Fifteen Years Development of Crude Processing in Česká rafinérská a.s.
Česká rafinérská a.s. (CeR) is celebrating 15 years anniversary from its founding in 1995. Activities and development of the Company has been substantially influenced by changes of legislation and standards, push to mitigate impacts of the refining industry on environment, liberalization of crude products market, restructuring of refinery assets ownership and consolidation of refinery capacities, extensively fluctuating crude prices and refinery margins, trends in crude products consumption, and growing prices of energies, catalysts, additives, and utilities. Responding to these changes CeR has defined and implemented certain significant projects – “The Bottom of Barrel Processing”, “Clean Fuels”, “Pb Phase-out from Mogas”, “Implementation of Biocomponents”, fundamental “Increase of Diesel Production”, “Energy Efficiency Improvement” and “Minimization of Emissions”. The paper describes scope and content of these projects, which radically changed performance of CeR. At the same time authors express their beliefs on future positive prospects of this type of business.