Paliva (Fuels) is a scientific journal issued quarterly by the Faculty of Environmental Technology, ICT Prague. Fuels publishes papers on a broad range of topics covering exploitation, processing, upgrading, and utilization of various types of fuels, and power engineering.
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4/2011

The Influence of CO2 in Fuel on Gas Engine Parameters

Marcel Škarohlíd

  The removing/clearing of CO2 from gaseous fuels as adulterant is contemporary trend. To the contrary with this trend the presented paper describes benefits of CO2 content in fuel in terms of basic engine parameters like indicated mean effective pressure, indicated efficiency and NOx production. The paper analyses trade off between air excess, ignition timing and CO2 mass fraction in the fuel in detail. The results show that the increase of CO2 mass fraction in the fuel increases engine power (with a constant level of NOx emissions) and optimized CO2 mass fraction in the fuel can increase the indicated efficiency. For constant level of NOx emissions and indicated mean effective pressure the increase of CO2 mass fraction in the fuel increases indicated efficiency and decreases maximum incylinder pressure and exhaust gas temperature.

4/2011 - pages 111 - 118DOI: 10.35933/paliva.2011.04.01

The coal and biomass co-pyrolysis

Lenka Jílková, Karel Ciahotný, Jaroslav Kusý, Jaroslav Káňa

Brown coal and rape cakes mixtures (containing 20 % wt., 30 % wt. and 40 % wt. of rape cakes) were used to pyrolysis in laboratory apparatus at the tempera-ture 650 °C. After that the micropyrolysis of similar coal and biomass mixtures (from 0 % wt. to 100 % wt. of biomass) were carried out at temperatures 400 °C, 500 °C, 600 °C and 700 °C.

The yields of solid, liquid and gaseous pyrolysis products were estimated and analysed. Volatile products obtained by pyrolysis and micropyrolysis of coal and biomass mixtures were compared according to the contents of varies fractions and according to selected aromatic and aliphatic organic substances.
4/2011 - pages 119 - 125DOI: 10.35933/paliva.2011.04.02

Preparation and characterization of adsorbents for CO2 capture from model gas mixture

Jana Vávrová, Karel Ciahotný

Adsorption method for CO2 capture was tested as an alternative to widely used absorption methods. Absorption face up some significant issues: volatility, corrosiveness and degradability of applied solvents that lead to increase in operating costs. These issues can be mitigated by immobilization of amines or another active compound of solvents onto solid surface. This study is focused on preparation and basic characterization of such materials.

4/2011 - pages 126 - 132DOI: 10.35933/paliva.2011.04.03

Preparation and testing of nanostructure silicon dioxide based adsorbents

Kristýna Hádková, Karel Ciahotný, Alice Procházková, Veronika Vrbová

The article deals with the testing of adsorbents used to the gas drying. Four samples of nanostructure silicon dioxide based adsorbents and 2 industrial-grade silica gel adsorbents were tested at laboratory apparatus. Adsorption isotherms for water vapour at 20 °C were estimated. Thermal desorption of all water satu-rated samples was also tested using thermo balance.

4/2011 - pages 133 - 137DOI: 10.35933/paliva.2011.04.04

Development and testing of the pilot coke-making unit

Jaroslav Kusý, Lukáš Anděl, Karel Ciahotný, Marcela Šafářová

In this article, construction and function of the new semi scale pilot cokemaking unit is described. This unit was built for the testing of coking process and the pyrolysis of the various materials. Functionality of this unit was tested by the coking process of the hard coal mixtures. Mass ballance of coke, pyrolysis water, organic phase and gaseous products was made. Composition of the pyrolysis gas during the coking process was determined. Some parameters of produced coke were tested and compared to common coke made in the coking plant.

4/2011 - pages 138 - 143DOI: 10.35933/paliva.2011.04.05

Comparative investigation into pyrolysis behavior of German brown coals and biomass material

Roman Vokatý

The main objective of this work was the investigation of pyrolysis behavior of two biomass and three coal samples in dependence on temperature. Due to the thermochemical decomposition of feedstock different products were formed. Those newly formed products were analyzed and obtained data were used for complet-ing the material balance. Subsequently the main pyrolysis products of the brown coals and biomass samples were compared from different points of view.

4/2011 - pages 144 - 148DOI: 10.35933/paliva.2011.04.06


technical support editor-in-chief